© Lloyd

Addenda
Here are excerpts from three more of Mathis' papers that help explain his photon model.

Music from Jupiter a song of the charge field
milesmathis.com/jup.pdf
Music from Jupiter a song of the charge field
milesmathis.com/jup.pdf
_[T]he 2 trillion watts [] of current flowing between Jupiter and Io [] couldn't be [electric] current as we know it, since that would require a heavy electron or ion density in the space between Io and Jupiter.
_But space in the Solar System simply doesn't have ion densities like that, not even near big planets like Jupiter.
_There is nothing to mediate a current of that strength, as they admit when they say that it is "unlike the ordinary kind of DC circuit we know using batteries and wires."
_This is precisely why Space Today falls back on plasma explanations, and finally admits plasma physicists believe that current in the Io-Jupiter system is carried by a type of magnetic plasma wave called Alfven waves.
_They don't know how it works.
_They give it new names: plasma and Alfven waves, but don't tell you what those are composed of or where they fit into the old equations.
_The current can only be a photon current, which is a charge current, not an electrical current.
_I am telling you they are composed of photons, are equivalent to charge, and fit into the old equations as charge. This is the unified field.
>>>LK: This is similar to Brant's aether.
_Just so you understand, this 2 trillion watts is acting not only as a sort of sub-electric current, it is acting as a repulsive force of 10^20 N between Jupiter and Io.
_So when mainstream physicists say they have no evidence of a second field in celestial mechanics, they are simply ignoring very clear evidence in plain sight.
_[T]he measured energy has nothing to do with vulcanism on Io or the "gaseous donut": the energy is the charge field in that vicinity, and it would be there even without volcanoes or gases.
_In other words, it is not the volcanoes and gases that are causing the energy, it is the energy that is then causing the volcanoes and so on.

The Magnetopause calculated by the Unified Field
milesmathis.com/pause.html‎
_It has been found that the Solar Wind works differently with positive ions and negative ions.
_Protons are accelerated by the Wind in an even manner, passing the Earth in numbers and at velocities that can be predicted from various models by the temperature of the corona.
_But electrons behave in an unpredictable manner, not being accelerated at the proper velocity. They are moving too slowly.
_They have also been found to be diverted by magnetic field lines, while the protons were not.

_[If] the Earth acts like a well of negative charge [] it should repel negative ions in the Solar Wind.
_Instead, we find that the Earth, via its magnetosphere, excludes both negative and positive ions.
_The E/M field, which is supposed to be [a] field of potential in both the standard and plasma models, is not acting like a field of potential.
_Then we are told, [] solar wind plasma [and] terrestrial plasma [] end up separated by a boundary, the magnetopause, and the Earth's plasma is confined to a cavity inside the flowing solar wind, the magnetosphere.

_The E/M field is a field of ions, but the charge field is a field of real charge photons—[] real particles with mass and radius and spin.
_These charge photons work strictly mechanically, by bombardment.

_The electromagnetic field is driven by the charge field, by direct bombardment.
_At first glance, you would think the electrons and protons would be driven equally, or that the electrons would be driven faster because they are smaller.
_But on looking closer, you see that the size difference between the electron and proton causes just the opposite effect, in a simple mechanical way.
_The electrons are driven less by the [Sun's] photon wind, because they can dodge greater parts of it than the proton.
_The radius of the electron is some 1800 times less than the radius of the proton, so large parts of the photon wind simply miss it.
_Therefore, the proton is driven more efficiently.
_This explains in a direct manner the data from the Solar Wind.
_It also explains the deflection of the electron by planetary or Solar magnetic fields.
_Magnetic fields are caused by the spins on the photons, not by the linear momentum.
_The proton feels more of the linear field, since it gets hit more often, but it resists the spins of the photons better because it is larger.
_The protons and electrons are also spinning and are also emitting small charge fields of their own.
_But, contra the standard model, the proton actually has a greater charge than the electron, simply because it has a greater radius and therefore a greater angular momentum.
_This greater angular momentum allows it to resist the much smaller angular momentum of the charge field [photons].
_The electrons, although hit less often, are more likely to be deflected (as a statistical matter on individual ions), because they feel a much greater relative force from the angular momenta of the photons.

_Due only to pressure differences, [the Sun] attracts the charge field at its poles and emits the charge field everywhere else.
_You can now see this with your own eyes by watching a NASA film called The 3D Sun.†
_At minutes 19:40 to 20:20 you will see the heaviest emission near the Solar equator and the lightest at the poles.
_In fact, you get a close-up of the south pole, and a long look at the charge hole there.
_If the Sun were spinning faster, this effect would be increased.
_On a smaller scale, this also applies to the Earth.
_The Earth's spin makes it both anode and cathode to the charge field.
_It recycles the charge field, and the charge field drives the E/M field.
_This explains the genesis of the Earth's E/M field without postulating dynamos in the Earth.
_This also explains why the Earth, like all macro-bodies, often seems to be an infinite well of negative charge.
_Neither the standard model nor the electrical/plasma model can explain why the Earth should act like an infinite well of negative charge.
_For example, it absorbs a huge amount of mainly positive cosmic rays each year for billions of years with no drain.
_My unified field theory explains it [].
_The Earth recycles both protons and electrons, so both forms of charge are continuously renewed.
_There is no dipole, so the amount of one charge does not deplete the potential of the other.
_In fact, there is no potential at all, except the real pressure difference in the charge field, and the apparent electrical difference caused by the size differential between the electron and proton.
_And the magnetic field is not caused by potential either.
_It is caused by spin.
_In the magnetic field, quanta aren't turned by potential differences, they are turned by angular momentum.
_[] I show where the E/M field fits into Newton's gravitational equation.
_The E/M field is already in the equation, hidden by G, so no external correction is necessary in most situations.
_[So] this explains the boundary between the Earth and the Sun, the so-called magnetopause.
_The boundary between the plasmas is caused mechanically by the charge field [of photons], since the Earth's charge field is what creates and defines its plasma to begin with.
_At the foundational level, the boundary is the boundary between the charge field of the Earth and the charge field of the Sun.
_Both field[s] are summed radially out, so we simply have a meeting of two spherical fields, one much smaller than the other.
_Since the charge field is always repulsive, it will exclude all ions, positive and negative, unless the ions are too energetic to be excluded (as with cosmic rays).
_This is why Venus can also exclude the Solar Wind, even without a magnetosphere.

_It is not the magnetosphere that excludes the Solar Wind, it is the charge field.
_The charge field creates both the magnetosphere and the boundary, and the boundary is only at the edge of the magnetosphere because both the charge field and the magnetosphere pause at the same place, for the same reasons.

_Ions are driven up by the charge field [photons], and will persist as long as the charge field persists.
_[] it is the difference in the charge field densities that creates the differences in plasma fields, and the boundary.

_Since the Earth's field has more curvature, the magnetic component at the boundary acts to accelerate the Solar Wind once more.
_This is why the Wind is going faster as it passes close to the Earth than it was before it got there.
_Wiki tells us that the magnetopause is 10-12 earth radii in the direction of the Sun.
_Using my mechanics, we can calculate that distance directly—something the standard model never does and cannot do.
_The mass of the Sun is 332,990 Earth's and its density is .255 Earth's.

_[So] The Sun's charge density is [mass x density =] 84,986 times that of the Earth.

_If the Sun's relative charge density is 84,986 at 1 Sun radius, at 214 Sun radii it will be .00004052.
_If the Earth's density is 1 at 1 Earth radius, at 12.53 Earth radii it will be .00004057.
_That is where the charge field strengths match.
_Since Wiki is measuring from the Earth's surface, we must subtract one Earth radius, giving us 11.53 Earth radii for the charge-pause.

Cyclotron Radiation
milesmathis.com/mag.pdf‎
You can find this information on the short page at Wikipedia, where it says, Furthermore, the period of the orbit is independent of the energy of the particles, allowing the cyclotron to operate at a set frequency. ...

That is analogous to gravity, which curiously ignores the mass of planets when creating orbits and orbital speeds. ...

But in the cyclotron, this fact is even curiouser, since the particles are in a magnetic field, not a gravitational field. Why is the E/M field ignoring mass and energy here? ...

If we let the magnetic field be composed of real photons, a proton will be hit by more photons than an electron. If the number of hits is proportional to the diameter, then all particles will be driven the same speed by the field.
_Why is this important? Why have I taken the time to point it out? Because it proves that the E/M field is composed of real particles. ...

It is clear we have induced motion by contact, and there is no contact with virtual particles or field potentials. Field potentials cannot be the mechanical or physical cause of anything, much less motion, since the field potentials themselves must be caused. To be physical, the magnetic field must have a cause of each vector or tensor at each position. ...

The same can be said for the curve of the orbit, which must be caused by the spins on the photons in the field. If the photons are not spinning, there is no way to explain sideways deflections in a defined and physical manner. And this spin must be real. All photons must be spinning about a real axis, with a real radius. And if photons have a real radius and a real spin, they must also have a real mass.
_I will be told that the current magnetic field can explain the equal periods in the same way I do, by summing a cross section of field potentials. But it can't, because The electron has no known substructure. Hence, it is defined or assumed to be a point particle with a point charge and no spatial extent. [Wiki] It would be difficult to sum a cross section of a point particle. ...

[] accelerator data becomes proof not only of the real radius of the photon, it becomes proof of the real radius of the electron. The electron is clearly NOT a point particle, since its size clearly matters to the magnetic field. To drive the electron the same speed as larger ions, fewer photons must hit it. If fewer photons hit it, it must be smaller, but not infinitely small. If the field force is a function of size, then the particles must have real size. They cannot be point particles.