Cathode ray tubes utilize an electron beam in a high vacuum. But I'm not sure that electron transmission qualifies as conduction of electrical energy.
Yes, the conduction of electrical energy through a high vacuum is somewhat of a problem in many cases.
It is a comparatively simple laboratory exercise to show that even the best available ultrahigh vacuum (UHV),which for all practical purposes can be assumed to have zero electrical conductivity, does not provide a perfect electrical insulating barrier between a pair of clean high-voltage electrodes.
Lloyd wrote: I'm interested in Brant's point there. I imagine Celeste and others would be too.
V.A. said: Your ohm/impedance/acoustic loudspeaker match idea to the cosmos is very interesting.
Would you or Millennium like to explain the connection of that with vacuum "conductivity"? I know conductivity isn't quite the right word, but non-resistance may be better.
If you've ever daisy-chained audio gear you will have encountered the Ohm rating and the ramifications of it. This particularly matters in terms of loudspeaker use. Loudspeakers are rated in Ohms. Ohms represent the impedance present in a circuit. To my knowledge, Ohm ratings represent a circuit's resistance to applied voltage. So if you have Ohm-mismatched gear, and you apply voltage to it all, it won't work properly. You can even destroy equipment if it is mismatched when voltage is applied as some of the gear will be overloaded and it will fry:
From what I can understand, Millennium is suggesting the cosmos acts this way, too, on a giant scale. Intergalactic currents must match in their "Ohm ratings" for conduction of electricity to occur. In other words, not every circuit in space will be able to interact with or connect with any other circuit and be a conductor. The types of circuits in space will vary just as they do in your living room or house wiring. So what may look to be a sure-thing as a conductor in space may not be. But that doesn't mean it's not a conductor inasmuch as the resistance within the circuit isn't in accord with the applied voltage.
A great example of this mis-match is, again, the Tethered Satellite of STS-75. The Solar circuit FAR overwhelmed the puny tether. The Ohms didn't match between the Sun and the tethered satellite. The tether was overloaded.
Millennium
Re: Does Space Insulate or Conduct?
Aye, Viscount ...
Once you visualize and experience the cosmos as nested co-propagating filaments, waveguides, etc. — as helical EM and Plasma waves — then you can look on it all as bandpass filters.
The cosmic redshift results when certain frequencies (thus energies) are removed/diverted from the source wave in the greater circuit, waveguide, filament.
Success of transmission of EM or Plasma Envelopes will depend on the impedance match of the signal and the medium you are sending it through, and the source and target.
Amplification (negative entropy) occurs when particle beams or starstreams, or galactic streams, successfully converge (resonate) as their trajectories, frequencies and velocities are congruent. Loss occurs when plasma streams diverge, enter cold regions, and experience apparent entropic periods — break up of the particles and lightwaves into larger wavelengths ...
Millennium
upriver
Re: Does Space Insulate or Conduct?
Millennium wrote: Aye, Viscount ...
Once you visualize and experience the cosmos as nested co-propagating filaments, waveguides, etc. — as helical EM and Plasma waves — then you can look on it all as bandpass filters.
The cosmic redshift results when certain frequencies (thus energies) are removed/diverted from the source wave in the greater circuit, waveguide, filament.
Success of transmission of EM or Plasma Envelopes will depend on the impedance match of the signal and the medium you are sending it through, and the source and target.
Amplification (negative entropy) occurs when particle beams or starstreams, or galactic streams, successfully converge (resonate) as their trajectories, frequencies and velocities are congruent. Loss occurs when plasma streams diverge, enter cold regions, and experience apparent entropic periods — break up of the particles and lightwaves into larger wavelengths ...
Millennium
You could say it even more simply than that in that the particles frequencies of oscillation change and they cant transfer energy, i.e. resonance.
It takes nothing more than an electric field(adding kinetic energy to the particle) to move a particle through vacuum in the simplest case of a 1 particle universe.
Brant
CharlesChandler
Re: Does Space Insulate or Conduct?
upriver wrote: Then why form filaments? They obviously flow more current from point a to b.
I think that filaments form because of electrostatics, not electrodynamics.
upriver
Re: Does Space Insulate or Conduct?
CharlesChandler wrote:
upriver wrote: Then why form filaments? They obviously flow more current from point a to b.
I think that filaments form because of electrostatics, not electrodynamics.
Can you summarize the difference?
B.
CharlesChandler
Re: Does Space Insulate or Conduct?
upriver wrote:
CharlesChandler wrote: I think that filaments form because of electrostatics, not electrodynamics.
Can you summarize the difference?
In a resting dusty plasma, the dust grains are negatively charged, and are surrounded by positively charged Debye sheaths, forming assemblies that are net neutral. The following represents an arrangement of dust grains with their sheaths:
In this configuration, and despite the net neutrality, there is a slight repulsion between the cells, because the closest aspects of neighboring cells is their like-charged sheaths, and due to the inverse square law, this produces a slight repulsion. As a consequence, resting dusty plasmas don't implode — they just sit there.
Dusty plasmas implode when there is a nearby supernova. What's the significance? Ejecta from the supernova will shear the Debye sheaths off of the dust grains. Look at what this does to the EM configuration:
Now, instead of a little bit of repulsion, there is nothing but attraction. My calcs found the electric force in this configuration to be roughly 1500x the force of gravity! So if something shears the +ions off of the dust grains, there will be a powerful tensile force running through the plasma. The first thing that will happen will be the formation of a filament, due to this polarization. Then, the tensile force will cause the filament to collapse along its axis, like a tight rubber band collapsing toward its centroid.
So the electrostatics happens first. Then come the electrodynamics, as the electric force initiates movements of charged particles, which constitutes electric currents.
Lloyd
Re: Does Space Insulate or Conduct?
CC said: So the electrostatics happens first. Then come the electrodynamics, as the electric force initiates movements of charged particles, which constitutes electric currents.
How far apart do the positive and negative charges have to be for there to be an electric current? If two streams of opposite charge particles are going in the same direction, like the solar wind, would there be two adjacent currents? I'm not real clear on your statements about the HCS vanishing at about 10 AU.
And what do you think of Millennium's point?
CharlesChandler
Re: Does Space Insulate or Conduct?
Lloyd wrote: How far apart do the positive and negative charges have to be for there to be an electric current?
The shorter the distance between opposite charges, the stronger the force. For dusty plasmas, I calculated the forces for Debye cells with center-to-center spacings of 10 m down to 0.1 m. In that configuration (i.e., a negative dust particle surrounded by a positive sheath with a radius of 1 m), the attractive force peaked at about 0.32 m.
Lloyd wrote: If two streams of opposite charge particles are going in the same direction, like the solar wind, would there be two adjacent currents?
Yes.
Lloyd wrote: I'm not real clear on your statements about the HCS vanishing at about 10 AU.
I'm still working on that. I need to track down the particle densities in the HCS, and how they were measured. The data for the interplanetary medium that I'm studying show just about nothing at all that far from the Sun. At 1 AU, there are 7.18 atoms per cm3, while at 10 AU, there are only 0.07 atoms per cm3. At 100 AU, it's 0.0006 atoms per cm3. For all intents and purposes, all of the action is near the Sun.
Lloyd wrote: And what do you think of Millennium's point?
Impedance is resistance as it varies for alternating currents at different frequencies. I'm only working with DC, or charged particle drift. I don't know what's going to cause AC in space.
viscount aero
Re: Does Space Insulate or Conduct?
CharlesChandler wrote:
upriver wrote:
CharlesChandler wrote: I think that filaments form because of electrostatics, not electrodynamics.
Can you summarize the difference?
In a resting dusty plasma, the dust grains are negatively charged, and are surrounded by positively charged Debye sheaths, forming assemblies that are net neutral. The following represents an arrangement of dust grains with their sheaths:
In this configuration, and despite the net neutrality, there is a slight repulsion between the cells, because the closest aspects of neighboring cells is their like-charged sheaths, and due to the inverse square law, this produces a slight repulsion. As a consequence, resting dusty plasmas don't implode — they just sit there.
Dusty plasmas implode when there is a nearby supernova. What's the significance? Ejecta from the supernova will shear the Debye sheaths off of the dust grains. Look at what this does to the EM configuration:
Now, instead of a little bit of repulsion, there is nothing but attraction. My calcs found the electric force in this configuration to be roughly 1500x the force of gravity! So if something shears the +ions off of the dust grains, there will be a powerful tensile force running through the plasma. The first thing that will happen will be the formation of a filament, due to this polarization. Then, the tensile force will cause the filament to collapse along its axis, like a tight rubber band collapsing toward its centroid.
So the electrostatics happens first. Then come the electrodynamics, as the electric force initiates movements of charged particles, which constitutes electric currents.
This is very intriguing. You ought to compile these things into a book To my knowledge these concepts are not mentioned by Wal Thornhill or his colleagues.
Lloyd
Re: Does Space Insulate or Conduct?
Lloyd wrote: And what do you think of Millennium's point?
CC said: Impedance is resistance as it varies for alternating currents at different frequencies. I'm only working with DC, or charged particle drift. I don't know what's going to cause AC in space.
Millennium or anyone else, if that's correct, is there reason to think that any electric currents in space are alternating currents, AC instead of DC? Is there no impedance with DC?
viscount aero
Re: Does Space Insulate or Conduct?
Lloyd wrote:
Lloyd wrote: And what do you think of Millennium's point?
CC said: Impedance is resistance as it varies for alternating currents at different frequencies. I'm only working with DC, or charged particle drift. I don't know what's going to cause AC in space.
Millennium or anyone else, if that's correct, is there reason to think that any electric currents in space are alternating currents, AC instead of DC? Is there no impedance with DC?
Lloyd, you've uncovered a giant issue Please read thru this thread on AC/DC in electric universe: viewtopic.php?f=3&t=6859
excerpt: by Jarvamundo » Sun Sep 16, 2012 7:38 pm "The type of electricity used to form a galaxy is the same as the tiny noise ripple that exists when you flick the switch of your AC or DC system.
It is neither AC nor DC. Both these forms of electricity are continuous in function.
Galaxies are transient electrical phenomena. Transient is the natural form of electricity... as Solar points out in blue...
Solar wrote: (Transient currents of electricity): Impulse Currents (DC with time-decay function) Oscillating Currents (AC with time-decay function)
...
Eric Lerner wrote: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qH6XAacQuRs#t=288s "Phenomena of the cosmos are essentially transient phenomena, it's funny to think of a galaxy lasting billions of years as a transient phenomena."
CharlesChandler
Re: Does Space Insulate or Conduct?
viscount aero wrote: You ought to compile these things into a book.
To my knowledge these concepts are not mentioned by Wal Thornhill or his colleagues.
Please read thru this thread on AC/DC in electric universe: viewtopic.php?f=3&t=6859
